Minority Children Fund: Evaluation Report

This reports evaluates the efforts of The Minority Children Fund in Ireland. The Minority Children Fund is a one-year, once-off, grant scheme to support the inclusion of minority children in the activities and services of youth and sports organisations. The fund was set up and distributed in 2007. Seventeen organisations throughout Ireland were awarded a grant to promote the inclusion of minority children in their activities during 2008/9. A total of 525,735 was distributed in two funding streams: large grants and small grants. Three organisations received large grants amounting to 285,050 in total, equivalent to 54% of the fund. Fourteen organisations received small grants amounting to 240,685 in total, equivalent to 46% of the fund.In view of these two funding streams, it was decided to separately evaluate each stream while nevertheless providing an integrated summary and conclusion. As a result, the report is divided into four parts:Part One: Context for the EvaluationPart Two: Evaluation of Large GranteesPart Three: Evaluation of Small GranteesPart Four: Summary and Conclusion

Educational Disadvantage in Ireland

This report discusses various ways to measure educational disadvantage. The precise way in which educational disadvantage is measured also influences the type of targets set to address it. The National Anti-Poverty Strategy has set three key targets in the area of educational disadvantage: Educational disadvantage is a significant problem at all levels of the education system and is influenced by the characteristics of families, schools, neighbourhoods and by broader public policies. There is a substantial amount of activity which is endeavouring to address educational disadvantage in Ireland. However, relatively little is known about what works, and this suggests that projects with the potential to produce lessons about effectiveness would be particularly worth considering. Outlined are a selection of project ideas which address educational disadvantage from which lessons may be learned about effective ways of doing this work

Integrating New Communities - Challenging Racism

In this report, the needs of new people hoping to settle in Ireland, and how these are responded to, provides the context in which racism in Ireland can be considered and one in which to identify opportunities where funding could make an important difference. This research considers the patterns of migration to Ireland and the likely future trends with reference to the particular groups of people who are choosing Ireland as a country in which to make a new life. Furthermore, this research explores what is known about racism in Ireland, and the initiatives currently being undertaken to combat racism are set out

The Changing Face of The Family in Ireland: Parenting Issues

This report examines family policy in Ireland, highlighting the substantial amount of service activity which are currently supporting families and, at the same time, the general awareness that significant gaps exist in services. Consequently, Mckeown and Clarke outline a selection of project ideas which might be used to fill some of these gaps, particularly with regard to supporting parents. These are based on a consideration of the statutory initiatives in place, some broadly focussed voluntary organisations and voluntary activity at local level

The long-term temperature record from Markree Observatory, County Sligo, from 1842 to 2011

This study analysed long-term temperature patterns in the north-west of Ireland using a previously unexplored data-set from Markree Observatory, County Sligo. The Markree series extends back to 1842, making it one of the longest instrumental temperature records in Ireland and is renowned for holding the lowest recorded temperature for the island of Ireland, 198C on 16 January 1881. Despite its length, this record has been largely absent from past analyses of Ireland’s long-term temperature trends, rendering spatial coverage for the extended Irish climate chronology incomplete. Daily data stored in a variety of the historical archives were gathered and digitised and monthly records created. Calibrations to account for instrumentation, time of reading and exposure were applied where possible in order to standardise the record. Trends were subsequently investigated for seasonal averages of daily minimum, maximum and mean temperatures, and a comparison with previously published long Irish temperature records was carried out to situate the Markree record among the existing long-term series. Although the Markree series follows similar patterns to the other long-term temperature records, it displays more decadal variability, particularly in its minimum values which show a higher rate of late twentieth century warming compared to the other records. Due to its geographic location and surrounding topography shielding the site from direct ocean influences and prevailing south-westerly winds, Markree displays characteristic features of a more inland station (low minimum temperatures and large diurnal ranges) even though it is located only 7 km from the Atlantic Ocean. Such findings highlight the necessity of including the Markree data-set in future Irish climate change research

Dying in hospital in Ireland: an assessment of the quality of care in the last week of life: National audit of end-of-life care in hospitals in Ireland, 2008/9

The context of this report is set by the fact that most people die in a hospital or similar setting, outside the home. When you consider that most people are also born in hospital, and may spend some time there over the course of a lifetime, it becomes clear that hospitals are central to our passage into life and out of it, touching people at the most important and intimate moments of their lives. In this sense, the work of hospitals mirrors the cycle of life and the expectations of society about its role at each stage of the life cycle. The report assesses the quality of care provided by Irish hospitals in the last week of life. The word ‘hospital’ shares a common linguistic root with words like hospice and hospitality. Hospitality – understood as being welcomed and cared for with kindness and attentiveness - is still what everyone seeks when they come to hospital, including patients and their families who are going through the journey of dying, death and bereavement. That is why the Hospice Friendly Hospitals Programme (2007-2012) commissioned this first ever national audit of endof-life care in Irish hospitals. This report contributes to the growing practice within the Irish hospital system of auditing performance against standards in order to ensure that every aspect of its work meets, and even exceeds, the highest standards of care and excellence. Given that end-of-life care standards did not exist at the time the audit – but have since been published as Quality Standards for End-of-Life Care in Hospitals1 – it may be more appropriate to regard this report as a ‘pre-audit’ or ‘baseline-audit’. It is Government policy, since February 2009, to introduce a mandatory licensing system whereby each hospital will only be allowed to practice if, on the basis of audited performance, it meets acceptable quality standards of service

Dying in Hospital in Ireland: An Assessment of the Quality of Care in the Last Week of Life, Final Synthesis Report

The context of this report is set by the fact that most people die in a hospital or similar setting, outside the home. When you consider that most people are also born in hospital, and may spend some time there over the course of a lifetime, it becomes clear that hospitals are central to our passage into life and out of it, touching people at the most important and intimate moments of their lives. In this sense, the work of hospitals mirrors the cycle of life and the expectations of society about its role at each stage of the life cycle.The report assesses the quality of care provided by Irish hospitals in the last week of life. The word 'hospital' shares a common linguistic root with words like hospice and hospitality. Hospitality -- understood as being welcomed and cared for with kindness and attentiveness -- is still what everyone seeks when they come to hospital, including patients and their families who are going through the journey of dying, death and bereavement. That is why the Hospice Friendly Hospitals Programme (2007-2012) commissioned this first ever national audit of end-of-life care in Irish hospitals.This report contributes to the growing practice within the Irish hospital system of auditing performance against standards in order to ensure that every aspect of its work meets, and even exceeds, the highest standards of care and excellence. Given that end-of-life care standards did not exist at the time the audit -- but have since been published as Quality Standards for End-of-Life Care in Hospitals1 -- it may be more appropriate to regard this report as a "pre-audit" or "baseline-audit". It is Government policy, since February 2009, to introduce a mandatorylicensing system whereby each hospital will only be allowed to practice if, on the basis of audited performance, it meets acceptable quality standards of service

Positive mood on the day of influenza vaccination predicts vaccine effectiveness: a prospective observational cohort study

Influenza vaccination is estimated to only be effective in 17–53% of older adults. Multiple patient behaviors and psychological factors have been shown to act as ‘immune modulators’ sufficient to influence vaccination outcomes. However, the relative importance of such factors is unknown as they have typically been examined in isolation. The objective of the present study was to explore the effects of multiple behavioral (physical activity, nutrition, sleep) and psychological influences (stress, positive mood, negative mood) on the effectiveness of the immune response to influenza vaccination in the elderly. A prospective, diary-based longitudinal observational cohort study was conducted. One hundred and thirty-eight community-dwelling older adults (65–85 years) who received the 2014/15 influenza vaccination completed repeated psycho-behavioral measures over the two weeks prior, and four weeks following influenza vaccination. IgG responses to vaccination were measured via antigen microarray and seroprotection via hemagglutination inhibition assays at 4 and 16 weeks post-vaccination. High pre-vaccination seroprotection levels were observed for H3N2 and B viral strains. Positive mood on the day of vaccination was a significant predictor of H1N1 seroprotection at 16 weeks post-vaccination and IgG responses to vaccination at 4 and 16 weeks post-vaccination, controlling for age and gender. Positive mood across the 6-week observation period was also significantly associated with post-vaccination H1N1 seroprotection and IgG responses to vaccination at 16 weeks post-vaccination, but in regression models the proportion of variance explained was lower than for positive mood on the day of vaccination alone. No other factors were found to significantly predict antibody responses to vaccination. Greater positive mood in older adults, particularly on the day of vaccination, is associated with enhanced responses to vaccination